Information theory, as we shall be concerned with it, is a branch of the mathematical theory of probability and statistics. As such, its abstract formulations are applicable to any probabilistic or statistical system of observations. Consequently, we find information theory applied in a variety of fields, as are probability and statistics. It plays an important role in modern communication theory, which formulates a communication system as a stochastic or random process.

New Theory of the Earth is an interdisciplinary advanced textbook on all aspects of the interior of the Earth and its origin, composition, and evolution: geophysics, geochemistry, dynamics, convection, mineralogy, volcanism, energetics and thermal history. This is the only book on the whole landscape of deep Earth processes that ties together all the strands of the subdisciplines.

This book is a complete update of Anderson’s Theory of the Earth (1989). It includes dozens of new figures and tables. A novel referencing system using Googlets is introduced that allows immediate access to supplementary material via the internet. There are new sections on tomography, self-organization, and new approaches to plate tectonics. The paradigm/paradox approach to developing new theories is developed, and controversies and contradictions have been brought more center-stage. As with the Theory of the Earth, this new edition will prove to be a stimulating textbook for advanced courses in geophysics, geochemistry, and planetary science, and a supplementary textbook on a wide range of other advanced Earth science courses. It will also be an essential reference and resource for all researchers in the solid Earth sciences.

Geophysical techniques have many environmental, archaeological, forensic, geological, geotechnical, or engineering applications, as well as in the oil and gas, the mining industry, or for general academic research. Because of this, all the aspects connected with the logistics, designing, data collection, analysis, interpretation, and visualization, must be evaluated on a case-by case basis.

The advent of accessible student computing packages has meant that geophysics students can now easily manipulate datasets and gain first-hand modeling experience – essential in developing an intuitive understanding of the physics of the Earth. Yet to gain a more in-depth understanding of the physical theory, and to be able to develop new models and solutions, it is necessary to be able to derive the relevant equations from first principles. This compact, handy book fills a gap left by most modern geophysics textbooks, which generally do not have space to derive all of the important formulae, showing the intermediate steps. This guide presents full derivations for the classical equations of gravitation, gravity, tides, Earth rotation, heat, geomagnetism, and foundational seismology, illustrated with simple schematic diagrams. It supports students through the successive steps and explains the logical sequence of a derivation – facilitating self-study and helping students to tackle homework exercises and prepare for exams.

В книге обобщен опыт разработки и применения эффективной методики комплексных геофизических исследований при выполнении специализированной гидрогеологической съемки масштаба 1 : 50 000 территорий, подлежащих орошению. Освещены задачи съемки, требования к гидрогеологическим исследованиям, проводимым с целью мелиорации Земель, состав включенных в комплекс методов, их физические основы и корреляционные связи между геофизическими параметрами и геолого-гидрогеологнческимн показателями рыхлых осадочных пород. Рассмотрены особенности геолого-гидрогеологической интерпретации результатов полевых исследований. Приведены примеры использования методики в ряде районов СССР, а также пример подсчета экономической зффектквввстя комплексных геофизических исследований.
Книга рассчитана на геофизиков, гидрогеологов и геологов и может служить методическим пособием цри выполнении ими соответствующего вида съемок. Она может быть также полезна научным работникам, аспирантам и студентам вузов геофизической и гидрогеологической специальностей.

It has been said that a good definition first throws the thing to be defined into a very large pool (i.e. a very broad category) and then pulls it out again (i.e. describes the unique characteristics that differentiate it from the other members of that category). That is the approach we will use in tackling the question; "What, exactly, is the Fourier series?" <...>

В книге изложены основы современных данных о глубинном строении Земли. Приведены сведения о строении, составе и естественных физических полях Земли.

Пособие написано для студентов, специализирующихся в области геологии и геофизики, которым необходимы общие сведения по физике Земли. Исходя из этого, математические выкладки опущены и приведены только необходимые формулы.

Seismic risk management in many countries around the world is a subject of crucial interest to today’s societies as the destructive effects of recent powerful earthquakes cannot be overlooked or ignored. Some of these seismic disasters that have hit Sabah (Malaysia) in 2015, Gorkha (Nepal) in 2015, Northwest Ecuador in 2016, Amatrice (Italy) in 2016, and Chaiapas (Mexico) in 2018 have affected millions of people and caused severe economic losses (Parra et al. 2016; Adhikari et al. 2015; Ramirez-Herrera et al. 2018; Faenza et al. 2016).
Accordingly, seismic design codes and frameworks are typically applied or improved after each earthquake disaster, but older buildings have not been updated to take advantage of these new methods, and they have shown poor behavior when subjected to the same seismic standards as newer constructions. <...>

Луканин О. А., Кадик А. А. Плавление ультраосновного вещества мантии в присутствии графита и флюидной фазы при различных окислительно-восстановительных условиях
Попруженко С. В., Апрелков С. Е., Ольшанская О. Н. Восточно-Камчатский вулканический пояс в свете геофизических данных
Меняйлов И. А., Никитина Л. П., Пилипенко В. П., Шапарь В. Н. Состав газов и температура кратерных фумарол вулкана Момотомбо (Никарагуа) в марте — мае 1983 г
Алехин Ю. В., Дадзе Т. П., Зотов А. В., Карпов F. А., Миронова Г. Д., Сорокин В. И. Условия формирования современного сульфидного ртутно-сурьмяно-мышьякового оруденения, кальдеры Узон (Камчатка)