The declaration of National Mineral Policy 2008, amendments to MMDR Act 2015, and recent reforms in mining legislation viz. MEMC Rules 2015, National Mineral Exploration Policy 2016, Mineral Auction Rules 2015, NMET Rules 2015, and Mineral Concession Rules 2016 etc. were primarily aimed at attracting private investment and the latest technology in the mineral sector, assurance of uniform lease period, dealing with low exploration expenditure and eliminating procedural delays.

The Pan European Reserves and Resources Reporting Committee (PERC) Standard for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves (further referred to as the 'PERC Reporting Standard') sets out the minimum standards, additional guidelines and recommendations for the Public Reporting of Exploration Results (including Exploration Targets), Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves.

The Brazilian Commission for Resources and Reserves (CBRR—Comissão Brasileira de Recursos e Reservas) was established in 2015, conceived as an initiative from three of the most important and representative associations within the Brazilian mineral sector: the Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa Mineral (ABPM—Brazilian Association of Mineral Exploration Companies), Agência para o Desenvolvimento e Inovação do Setor Mineral Brasileiro (ADIMB—Agency for Mineral Development and Innovation of the Brazilian Mining Sector) and Instituto Brasileiro de Mineração (IBRAM—Brazilian Mining Institute).

African Mineral and Energy Resources Classification and Management System (AMREC) is a continental system for management of Africa’s mineral and energy resources.

The AMREC is based on United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC) Principles, Generic Specifications and Guidelines and is aligned to Africa Mining Vision (AMV) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Adapting to national or local needs, the AMREC provides the specifications and guidelines required for sustainable development of Africa’s mineral and energy resources.

The Kazakhstan Public Reporting Code for Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves (hereinafter - the KAZRC Code) was developed by the Kazakhstan Association of Public Reporting for Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves (hereinafter - the KAZRC Association) with the support of the Committee of Geology and Subsoil Use of the Ministry of Investments and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the members of the KAZRC Association.

Казахстанский Кодекс публичной отчетности о результатах геологоразведочных работ, Минеральных Ресурсах и Минеральных Запасах (далее – Кодекс KAZRC) разработан Казахстанской Ассоциацией Публичной Отчетности о Результатах Геологоразведочных Работ, Минеральных Ресурсах и Минеральных Запасах (далее – Ассоциация KAZRC) при поддержке Комитета геологии и недропользования Министерства по инвестициям и развитию Республики Казахстан и членов Ассоциации KAZRC.

Казахстанский Кодекс публичной отчетности о результатах геологоразведочных работ, Минеральных Ресурсах и Минеральных Запасах (далее – Кодекс KAZRC) разработан Казахстанской Ассоциацией Публичной Отчетности о Результатах Геологоразведочных Работ, Минеральных Ресурсах и Минеральных Запасах (далее – Ассоциация KAZRC) при поддержке Комитета геологии и недропользования Министерства по инвестициям и развитию Республики Казахстан и членов Ассоциации KAZRC.

Стандарты оценки стоимости объектов недропользования, связанных с твердыми полезными ископаемыми, и рекомендации по ее проведению. Кодекс SIMVal, издание 2003 г. Полный перевод. Кодекс правил для технической оценки и оценки стоимости активов минерального и углеводородного сырья и ценных бумаг предприятий при составлении независимых экспертных отчетов. Кодекс VALMIN, издание 2005 г. Полный перевод. Южно-африканский кодекс отчетности по оценке стоимости активов, связанных с твердыми полезными ископаемыми. Кодекс SAMVAL, издание 2008 г. с поправками, внесенными в июле 2009 г. Полный перевод

A brief history

1991: IMM code, broadly similar to JORC
2001: “The Reporting Code” sponsored by professional bodies IMM, GSL, IGI, and EFG, and aligned with CRIRSCO
2006: Reserves committee re-formed as PERC
2008: Updated PERC Code issued

To produce materials from mine to market it is necessary to overcome obstacles that include the force of gravity, the strength of molecular bonds, and technological inefficiencies. These challenges are met by the application of energy to accomplish the work that includes the direct use of electricity, fossil fuel, and manual labor. The tables and analyses presented in this study contain estimates of electricity consumption for the mining and processing of ores, concentrates, intermediate products, and industrial and refined metallic commodities on a kilowatt-hour (kWh) per unit basis, primarily the metric ton (ton) or troy ounce. Data contained in tables pertaining to specific currently operating facilities are static, as the amount of electricity consumed to process or produce a unit of material changes over time for a great number of reasons. Estimates were developed from diverse sources that included feasibility studies, company-produced annual and sustainability reports, conference proceedings, discussions with government and industry experts, journal articles, reference texts, and studies by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Suggestions for additions and corrections are welcome by the author. <...>