During core drilling, runs of core up to about three metres long are extracted from the core barrel. The extraction process rotates the core randomly, so that once the core is laid out in core boxes its original orientation is lost, although the orientation of the core axis is generally known. Various down-hole surveying techniques are available for this, and the common usage of 3-D modelling software has lead to holes being generally very well surveyed. <...>

Изложены методы экспериментальной тектоники и результаты их применения при изучении условий образования складок и разрывов и сопровождающих их деформаций в земной коре. Показано, что при правильном методическом подходе тектоническое моделирование может оказать существенную помощь в решении ряда теоретических и практических вопросов структурной геологии, а также при прогнозе условий залегания различных полезных ископаемых. Сопоставлены природные объекты и их модели, сделан вывод о неоднородности строения и свойств материала земной-коры.
Для геологов, занимающихся изучением геологических структур и закономерностей размещения в них полезных ископаемых.

Structural geology is an important component in regional-, district- and orebody-scale exploration and development of sedimentary rock-hosted Au deposits. Identification of timing of important structural events in an ore district allows analysis and classification of fluid conduits and construction of genetic models for ore formation. The most practical uses of structural geology deal with measurement and definition of various elements that comprise orebodies, which can then be directly applied to ore-reserve estimation, ground control, grade control, safety issues, and mine planning. District- and regional-scale structural studies are directly applicable to long-term strategic planning, economic analysis, and land ownership <...>

Structural geology is the study of deformation features in rocks from microscopic to map scale. The required data are collected in field and supplemented by laboratory studies, aerial photographs, satellite imageries, and subsurface data (mostly obtained by geophysical methods). A geologist must explore an area with an open mind and interpretations and hypothesis must be based on actual field observations.

Диссертационная работа «Напряженно-деформированное состояние и механические свойства природных массивов по данным о механизмах очагов землетрясений и структурно-кинематическим характеристикам трещин» на соискание ученой» посвящена разработке методологии расчета и анализа тектонических напряжений и отвечающих им квазипластических деформаций массивов горных пород размером первые сотни метров – первые десятки километров по натурным данным о разрывных (трещинных) деформациях.

The purpose of this book is to provide, in a unified form, a text covering the associated topics of structural and stress analysis for students of civil engineering during the first two years of their degree course. The book is also intended for students studying for Higher National Diplomas, Higher National Certificates and related courses in civil engineering.

The physical and mechanical properties of clay materials required to scale the tectonic analogue experiments are analysed based on the modern soil mechanics concepts. A practical procedure for the determination of these properties is presented. Scaled clay experiments under Riedel shear mechanism produced a series of typical pull-apart structures. At the initial stages of the development of the deformation zone within the clay slab, the synthetic shear fractures (Riedel shears) display dilatational behaviour.

Most of the deformation on Earth is concentrated in relatively narrow high-strain zones (e.g. plate boundaries). The purpose of this volume was to address different aspects dealing with high-strain zones, from the map scale to the processes active in high-strain zones to the physical properties of highly strained rocks. Several of the contributions were originally presented in a special session entitled 'High-Strain Zones' at the EGSAGU-EUG meeting 2003 in Nice, France, which inspired the compilation of this book. <...>

Structural data is vital for the understanding of the geometry and evolution of a deposit and feeds into geologic, structural, resource, and geotechnical models. Accurate models are critical for targeting, resource estimation, and geotechnical design and, if rapidly available, support real-time decisions on drilling and grade control.