Macroseismic effects of the principal earthquakes occurring in the United States from 1568 through 1989 are described. Principal earthquakes are defined as those of Modified Mercalli intensity > VI or Richter magnitude > 4.5. Exceptions are the State of Alaska and the offshore areas of California, Oregon, and Washington, where the magnitude cutoff is > 5.5.

A compilation of data on 78 elements in the nine groups of chondrites shows each to be isochemical with the exception of a few volatiles. With the exception of the most volatile elements, the groups have solar abundances to within a factor of two. The solar abundances and the chemical and physical properties of phases in the least-altered chondrites indicate formation by grain agglomeration in the preplanetary nebula.

Compositional models of the Earth are critically dependent on three main sources of information: the seismic profile of the Earth and its interpretation, comparisons between primitive meteorites and the solar nebula composition, and chemical and petrological models of peridotite-basalt melting relationships. Whereas a family of compositional models for the Earth are permissible based on these methods, the model that is most consistent with the seismological and geodynamic structure of the Earth comprises an upper and lower mantle of similar composition, an Fe-Ni core having between 5% and 15% of a low-atomic-weight element, and a mantle which, when compared to Cl carbonaceous chondrites, is depleted in Mg and Si relative to the refractory lithophile elements.

В брошюре дана модель расширения Земли и сделаны попытки раскрыть причины развития этого процесса. Выдвинута наиболее вероятная, обоснованная действием закономерности распространенности химических элементов в природе и изотопов гипотеза о причинах раширения Земли

В сборнике представлены материалы учёных и практиков по вопросам актуальных проблем охраны и использования геологических памятников природы, связанных с природными, социально-экономическими, экологическими и этнокультурными факторами в разных регионах России. В материалах сборника отражён опыт создания геопарков ЮНЕСКО на территории России.

Издание представляет интерес для научных работников, преподавателей вузов, аспирантов, студентов, представителей ООПТ и органов государственной власти. Статьи печатаются в авторской редакции.

Сборник материалов Всероссийской научно-практической конференции с международным участием «Геологические памятники природы: характеристика, состояние, использование» зарегистрирован в РИНЦ.

Lasi II was the second in a series on international meetings dealing with the physical geology of subvolcanic systems and demonstrated the diversity of techniques utilised in the analysis of shallow intrusions. These included both numerical and analogue modelling of magmatic processes, the analysis of magnetic fabrics to understand magma flow, the interpretation of seismic reflection data as well as outcrop-based studies. This diversity of research methodologies was applied to a range of shallow intrusions including sills, dykes and laccoliths as well as the interaction of magma with sediments. The presentations provided new insights into the morphological development of igneous intrusions, in particular re-assessments of the controls on their emplacement; the interactions between propagating magma bodies, between intrusions and overlying volcanic centres as well as magma-sediments interactions and their potential climatic effects. <...>

My purpose in writing this manual is to provide a pocket-size presentation of field procedures without the bulk and cost of a comprehensive textbook.

he first part, Tools of the Trade, covers the Brunton compass and Jacob's staff, the Silva compass, and the plane table and alidade-along with principles of map direction and strike and dip. 

Also, I have included a section on uses of the stereographic net for those who lack hardware and software necessary for the manipulation of field measurements.