The physical and mechanical properties of clay materials required to scale the tectonic analogue experiments are analysed based on the modern soil mechanics concepts. A practical procedure for the determination of these properties is presented. Scaled clay experiments under Riedel shear mechanism produced a series of typical pull-apart structures. At the initial stages of the development of the deformation zone within the clay slab, the synthetic shear fractures (Riedel shears) display dilatational behaviour.

Clay minerals occur in all types of sediments and sedimentary rocks and are a common constituent of hydrothermal deposits. They are the most abundant minerals in sedimentary rocks perhaps comprising as much as 40% of the minerals in these rocks. Half or more of the clay minerals in the earth's crust are illites, followed, in order of relative abundance, by montmorillonite and mixed-layer illite-montmorillonite, chlorite and mixed-layer chlorite-montmorillonite, kaolinite and septachlorite, attapulgite and sepiolite. The clay minerals are fine-grained. They are built up of tetrahedrally (Si, A l , Fe3+) and octahedrally (Al, Fe3+, Fez+, Mg) coordinated cations organized to form either sheets or chains. All are hydrous. <...>

The Dexing porphyry copper field in Jiangxi, China, is defined by three porphyry copper deposits which are, from southeast to northwest, Fujiawu, Tongchang and Zhushahong respectively, and by the Guanmaoshan gold deposit which lies between Fujiawu and Tongchang. Technically, the field lies on the southeastern edge of the Jiangnan Anteclise, and is controlled by the NE-trending, deep-seated, Gandongbei fracture zone. The emplacement of the ore-bearing Fujiawu, Tongchang and Zhushahong granodiorite porphyry intrusions, dated at 184-172 Ma (Zhu et ah, 1983; Zhu et al9 1990), was also controlled by NW-trending structures. Mineralisation and alteration continued from 172 Ma to 100 Ma, and are characterised by symmetric zoning centred on the contacts between granodiorite porphyries and the enclosing country rocks of the Mesoproterozoic Shuangqiaoshan Group jrfryllites.

Palästina, das schöne Land der Bibel, „dessen Gestein Eisen ist, und aus dessen Gebirge Kupfer gegraben wird“ (Dtn. 8,9), das Land, das seit Menschengedenken Ausgangspunkt großer Entwicklungen war, bietet im Gegensatz zu seiner * vielgestaltigen religiösen und politischen Geschichte geologisch ein sehr einfaches Bild, Dem Aufbau des Landes liegt ein Zwillingshorst aus harten Kreidekalkschichten zugrunde. Längs des Kiistenbruches läuft am Mittelmeer ein vorwiegend sandiger Streifen von Tertiär und Quartär <...>