Исследования Геологического Комитета в Крымском горном кряже доставили немало новых материалов, как для понимания морфологии, так и для тектоники и стратиграфии этих гор. В частности это касается и той песчаноглинистой толщи, которая слагает нижнюю часть склона Южного берега, а также значительныя площади на северном склоне кряжа. Эта толща является то более глинистой, и тогда почти черного цвета, с отдельными известковыми и сферосидеритовыми стяжениями и с пропластами плотных, более или менее железистых песчаников и вулканических туфов, то более песчаной и тогда более светлых цветов, обычно сильно слюдистой и с массой плохо сохраненныхъ растительных остатков; <...>

Vein arrays are often composed of pull-aparts which are linked by shear fractures, good examples of which occur in the Lower Jurassic limestones of Somerset, southwestern England. Such pull-apart arrays have displacement-distance characteristics which are similar to fault zones, with maximum displacement (indicated by the largest pull-apart widths) near the centre of the array, and with displacement decreasing towards the tips. Pull-apart arrays usually die out into en echelon or pinnate veins. Evidence for pressure solution along the shear fractures which connect pull-aparts include their dark and braided nature, their obliquity to the displacement direction, the high dihedral angles (often > 90°) between conjugate shear fractures, and the dissolution of earlier structures. A range of geometries occurs, with varying relative amounts of veins and pressure solution being related to varying amounts of transtension or transpression. There is a general trend for an increase in the angle between vein segments and the shear fractures as contraction increases. There is therefore a trend for increased pressure solution on the shear fractures in more contractional arrays. The concentration of insoluble material along shear fractures has important implications for the mechanics and sealing of faults.

Three decades ago, the first edition of Physical Geology by Plummer and McGeary was published. Twenty years later, Diane Carlson became a coauthor as David McGeary phased into retirement. Now, after ten more years, Lisa Hammersley joins the team for this, the 13th edition. As you may see from the brief biography at the end of this preface, Dr. Hammersley expands the diversity and expertise of the team of authors. The three authors were born and raised in Mexico (Plummer), northern Wisconsin (Carlson) and England (Hammersley). They have worked in geology in Alaska, Antarctica, Washington Cascades mountains, northeastern Washington, Idaho, Utah, Montana, on Ice Island T-3 in the Arctic Ocean, Mexico, the Andes (Peru and Ecuador), and California’s Sierra Nevada. <...>