Методические указания по лабораторным работам по курсу «Методы исследования вещественного состава природных объектов» предназначены для студентов и магистрантов, обучающихся по специальностям 020804 «Геоэкология».

Advances in nanotechnology over the past decade have made scanning electron microscopy (SEM) an indispensable and powerful tool for analyzing and constructing new nanomaterials. Development of nanomaterials requires advanced techniques and skills to attain higher quality images, understand nanostructures, and improve synthesis strategies.

Several instructors have contributed to the evolution of this laboratory manual over the years. Contributors include, alphabetically, Maurice G. Cook, Emeritus Professor of Soil Science, North Carolina State University; David A. Crouse, Associate Professor of Soil Science, North Carolina State University; Larry D. King, Emeritus Professor of Soil Science, North Carolina State University; H. Joseph Kleiss, Emeritus Professor of Soil Science, North Carolina State University; Colby J. Moorberg, Assistant Professor of Soil Science, Kansas State University; Lloyd Stone, Emeritus Professor of Agronomy, Kansas State University; and James A. Thompson, Professor of Soil Science, West Virginia University. Editorial support was provided by Nora Ransom. Contributions were also made by countless graduate teaching assistants over the development of the manual. Funding was provided by the Kansas State University Open/Alternative Textbook Initiative. This is contribution no. 18-128-B of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station <...>

Soil can exist as a naturally occurring material in its undisturbed state, or as a compacted material. Geotechnical engineering involves the understanding and prediction of the behavior of soil. Like other construction materials, soil possesses mechanical properties related to strength, compressibility, and permeability. It is important to quantify these properties to predict how soil will behave under field loading for the safe design of soil structures (e.g. embankments, dams, waste containment liners, highway base courses, etc.), as well as other structures that will overly the soil. Quantification of the mechanical properties of soil is performed in the laboratory using standardized laboratory tests. <...>

Soils are a valuable resource and a critical component in many of the environmental and economic issues facing society today. Understanding soil properties and soil behaviour and interpreting soil data are especially relevant for many environmental and land management issues facing the community. These issues include urban development, control of salinity, clearing of native vegetation, prevention of land degradation, control of water and wind erosion, irrigation development, the management of effluent disposal, contamination and the management of acid sulfate soils.

Proper laboratory testing of soils to detennine their physical properties is an integral part in the design and construction of structural foundations, the placement and improvement of soil properties, and the specification and quality control of soil compaction works. It needs to be kept in mind that natural soil deposits often exhibit a high degree of nonhomogenity. The physical properties of a soil deposit can change to a great extent even within a few hundred feet. The fundamental theoretical and empirical equations that are developed in soil mechanics can be properly used in practice if, and only if, the physical parameters used in those equations are properly evaluated in the laboratory. So, learning to perfonn laboratory tests of soils plays an important role in the geotechnical engineering profession <...>

This book is the third in a series of three, intended primarily to provide a working manual for laboratory technicians and others engaged in the testing of soils for building and engineering purposes. It is not meant in any way to be used as a substitute for the Standards referred to therein, but to augment their requirements by the provision of step by step procedures. This third edition has been revised to take account of the current requirements of BS 1377: 1990,

Laboratory data are critical to the understanding of the properties and genesis of a single pedon, as well as to the understanding of fundamental soil relationships based on many observations of a large number of soils. The development of laboratory methods, the analytical database, and the soil relationships based on those data are the cumulative effort of several generations of scientists.

Книга посвящена спектральным методам анализа окислов редкоземельных элементов. Приведены сведения о физико-химических свойствах РЗЭ, результаты изучения процессов в зоне разряда, методы определения в редкоземельных окислах нередкоземельных и редкоземель. ных примесей.
Книга рассчитана на аналитиков, работающих в области аналитической химии, а также в области получения и применения высокочистых РЗЭ.

Instrumentation for analytical chemistry gives rise to many abbreviations, some forming “acronyms.” These are often more encountered than the terms they abbreviate, and they appear extensively in the text. A reader new to the field may become lost or disoriented in this thicket of initials. To aid the student in reading the text, the abbreviation/acronym index below translates these and indicates the chapter where they are best defined or characterized. These acronyms are frequently compounded, as in UV/VIS (ultraviolet/visible) or LC-CI-TOFMS (interfaced liquid chromatograph to time-of-flight mass spectrometer operating in chemical ionization mode). The components of such compounded abbreviations are listed individually in the index, but not all the possible combinations. All acronyms are abbreviations, but the reverse is not true. For example, CLIPS, DART, DRIFTS and COSY are acronyms because they form words or are pronounced as words; GFAAS, APCI, and FTIR are abbreviations. <...>