Over the past two decades, many curriculum changes have occurred in geology, Earth science, and environmental science programs in universities. Many of these have involved the compression of separate one-semester courses in mineralogy, optical mineralogy, and petrology into a single-semester offering that combines mineralogy and petrology, commonly called Earth Materials.

Leaving aside the atmosphere and hydrosphere, rocks are the stuff of which the earth is made. Because of this, the study of rocks, petrology (from the Greek petra, “rock,” and logos, “discourse or explanation”), occupies a central position among the earth sciences. The study of rocks is the source of virtually all of our ideas about the history of Earth. Knowledge about rocks, their origin and ages, and their distribution is potentially capable of contributing to the solution of a wide variety of problems that run the gamut of geological interests.

Представлены краткие статьи по материалам докладов Всероссийского ежегодного семинара по экспериментальной минералогии, петрологии и геохимии 2024 года с описанием результатов оригинальных научных исследований, новых методов и идей, ориентированных на практическое решение широкого спектра проблем современной экспериментальной геохимии

Монография посвящена комплексным геолого-геофизическим, петрологическим и изотопным исследованиям рудоносных и потенциально-рудоносных интрузивных массивов базит-ультрабазитов и дайковых роев центральной части Кольского полуострова раннепротерозойского возраста (2.5-2.4 млрд лет) и приуроченных к ним месторождений и рудопроявлений сульфидных, хромитовых и платинометалльных руд.

Geochemistry is generally considered to be one of the new and burgeoning interdisciplinary scientific fields. The evidence for such a belief is obvious. For example, the Geochemical Society is scarcely out of its swaddling clothes, but it is already a large and important international scientific organization. The very word “geochemistry” was not even included in the ten-volume Oxford Universal English Dictionary published as recently as 1937. During the Second World War and immediately thereafter, however, geochemical work was initiated at scores of universities and commercial laboratories. Thus by 1948 “geochemistry” was well enough established to be defined in The American College Dictionary as “the science dealing with chemical changes in, and the composition of, the earth’s crust.” <...>

When discussing the stability of iron oxides, one must invariably deal with oxygen fugacity as a variable. To many geophysicists the importance of this variable in determining the stability and composition of oxides is not immediately apparent. Indeed, even within the petrologic community there are many misconceptions about what oxygen fugacity is and how it applies to rocks. The purpose of this chapter is to introduce the concept of oxygen fugacity so that later discussions within this book that use oxygen fugacity as a variable will be more comprehensible. <...>

This volume was edited by Russell I. Hemley in preparation for a short course by the same title, organized together with Ho-kwang Mao and sponsored by the Mineralogical Society of America, December 4-6, 1998 on the campus of the University of California at Davis. This is number 37 in the Reviews in Mineralogy series, begun in 1974 and continuing with vigor, at least into the near future, with volumes on "Uranium Mineralogy and Geochemistry," on "Sulfate Mineralogy," and on "Natural Zeolites" planned for 1999 and 2000. Volume 36 (1056 pagesl), "Planetary Materials," edited by 1.1. Papike, appeared earlier this year, and it is certainly not unrelated to the subject of this volume on the physics and chemistry of the deep interior of one of the planets. Rus Hemley has highlighted Reviews in Mineralogy Volumes 14, 18, 20 and 29 as particularly relevant to the subject matter of "Ultrahigh-Pressure Mineralogy."

Layered intrusions have received continuous interest since the publication of the treatise on ‘Layered Igneous Rocks’ by Lawrence Wager and Malcolm Brown, updated in books edited by Ian Parsons in 1987 and Grant Cawthorn in 1996. The study of these fossilized magma chambers keep inspiring a number of scientists with a range of interests including petrology and igneous differentiation, geochronology, geochemistry, mineralogy, rock textures and fabric, fluid dynamics, and ore deposits. The goal of this book is to further our understanding of magma chamber processes and crystal-liquid relationship during magma cooling magma. Physical and chemical processes are now better quantified thanks to the development analytical and computing tools such as compositional mapping, 3D X-ray computed tomography, in situ analyses for trace elements and isotopes, development of new experimental facilities, and progress in instrument sensitivity <...>

Термин вариолит («оспенный камень») используется для обозначения пятнистых пород с овоидными обособлениями – вариолями, или глобулами размером от миллиметра до нескольких сантиметров, погруженными в микрокристаллическую или стекловатую матрицу. Вариолиты наблюдаются преимущественно в потоках и подушечных лавах, реже - в дайках.

Актуальность работы заключается в разработке генетической модели формирования высокоглиноземистых щелочных магм на основе детального анализа вещественного состава горных пород Университетского фоидолитгаббрового плутона. Его роль для оценки условий формирования щелочнобазитовых ассоциаций Кузнецкого Алатау и Центрально-Азиатского складчатого пояса, в целом, может быть ключевой, учитывая структурную позицию данного объекта, уникальное широкое разнообразие интрузий разного порядка и слабую степень эрозии магматической колонны.