Mass transport in magmatic systems / Перенос масс в магматических системах

The formation and evolution of the Earth and planets depend on transfer of mass and energy. Magma and fluid are integral parts of the transport processes that govern the mass and energy transfer. Mass transport property data are central to describe those processes. Mass transport is accomplished by transfer of fluids and magma and typically takes place at high temperature and pressure. Mass transport typically occurs along temperature and pressure gradients, which means that energy transport also associates with mass transport, although in this book, energy transfer is not explicitly discussed. A structure-based understanding of how transport properties reflect changes in composition, temperature, and pressure greatly enhances our ability to use property data to characterize transport and transfer processes. This knowledge not only is helpful for the materials characterization needed to describe mass transport processes in nature, it also contributes to the knowledge base of adjoining scientific disciplines including glass and materials science. The focus of this book is to describe and discuss transport properties of magma together with aspects of transport properties of fluids, and to employ such data to characterize mass transport in the interior of Earth, its moon, and the terrestrial planets.

The principal aim of this Book, therefore, is to describe mass transport by magma and fluids, what and how melt and fluid properties govern those processes, and how understanding of the structure of those transport agents, and, therefore, their chemical composition, temperature, and pressure, can be used to characterize the properties. Linkage of transport properties to structure of the transport agents is important because this understanding provides a basis for quantitative modeling of property behavior without otherwise more comprehensive and extensive experimental study of each and every composition and conditions. The latter efforts require more human and financial resources than often are available. <...>