Analogue and numerical modelling of crustal-scale processes / Аналоговое и численное моделирование процессов масштаба литосферных плит

As Earth' s crust is the most accessible part of our planet, a wealth of information on its structure and composition is available from geological observations and geophysical measurements. Its shape and composition today are, however, the result of processes occurring at different scales in time and space, rendering study of the crust a complex and challenging undertaking. Field observations and seismic data, for example, confront us with the present day structures and must, for an in-depth understanding of their origin, be reconciled with the processes of deformation that created them. Reconstructing these processes in the past is commonly hindered by lack of continuous outcrop, limited depth resolution and little to no constraints on time. Analogue and numerical models may help improve our understanding of crustal-scale processes through their ability to simulate the birth and evolution of deformational structures at different scales. In this context, the link between theory and observations makes modelling a fundamental tool for the study of processes that alter the Earth's crust. <...>