Map interpretation for structural geologists / Интерпретация карт для структурных геологов

In geological maps, the undulation of the topography is represented by height contours. These contours represent lines along which all the points have the same altitude. Height contours are represented usually by broken lines and the numbers attached to them indicate the altitude of the corresponding contour. A vertical cross-section (herein referred to as “cross-section”) accompanies a geological map, in almost all cases. Cross-sections represent various topographic and sub-surface structural geological features. Concept 1.1A exemplifies of how a three-dimensional topographic feature is presented in a map (as height contours) and in a cross-section. Concepts 1.1B and 1.1C show how various topographic features can be understood from height contours.